Need a WordPress website this weekend? Start here...

Managing Site Backups For WordPress Blogs

(Reading time: 4 – 6 minutes)

Maintaining your WordPress website requires insuring against accidents, or worse, getting maliciously hacked. The best insurance is a system for regular backups. Backing up WordPress requires a scheme for managing:

  1. database backups, and
  2. file system backups.

Database backups are the easier of the two, and several plugins exist that make regularly backing up your WordPress database. File system backups are a little trickier: there aren’t as many plugins, and you have to decide what, exactly, you want to back up from the file system, which requires understanding a little bit about how WordPress is organized on disk.

WordPress Codex on backing up

Before we get started, you need to go read ALL the information on WordPress backups. Once you get back, we’ll dig into some of the details. Pay very close attention to WordPress site backups, which is the subject of this post.

Hey! You're in the middle of the Website In A Weekend eCourse. Learn how to create and operate a complete WordPress-based website in a single weekend. Start here: Website In A Weekend: Friday Evening - Off to the Races. (If you already have a blog... "audit" the eCourse... you'll find plenty to do.)

Note that the documentation on the Codex is inconsistent between “file” and “site.” If you’re a little confused, you should be. I’m wearing my academic hat now, and were I peer reviewing, there would be a tiny mandatory change before accepting for publication.

But some inaccuracy and inconsistency is fine for web publication written and maintained by purely volunteer efforts. Also, you may read this article in the future, and the inconsistency may have been fixed. Or the web page moved or deleted. It’s the web!

In any case, we’re dealing with the stuff that sits on the file system. Files and directories. Themes, plugins, the WordPress core, all of your uploads such as images, etc.

Backing up the file system

From the WordPress backups page, we have these three options for the file system:

  1. Website Host Provided Backup Software.

    I’m hosting at bluehost.com, which provides two backup solutions, one manual and one automatic. The manual backup allows backing up your complete file system. Overkill: we’re just looking for specific WordPress files. You should grab backups of your email configuration any other databases using this interface. The automatic “Wizard” interface probably simplifies the process, at the expense of generating larger and less specific backups.

  2. Create Synchs With Your Site.Third party commercial programs such as 2Bright Sparks’s Synchback and WinSCP can help you backup your WordPress file system. These and similar programs perform synchronization to make sure the remote files and the backed up files remain up to date.
  3. Copy Your Files to Your Desktop using a local client such as FTP or scp. This is the easiest way to keep backups: just copy everything from your host to your local computer. Smart bears will periodically copy the files from their computer onto a CD or DVD, to provide an extra set of backups in case everything goes completely pear-shaped.

    Even smarter bears will create a document control repository using a tool such as Subversion or Git, and synchronize the backup into the repository. This is not difficult to do at all. If you would like more information or some help setting up such a repository, use the contact form with subject: “Backup Help!” (offer ends July 15 2009).

Any of these methods will work well. The most important thing is to simply pick on method and get started on regular backups.

What’s your method?

A challenge for the reader, and a small offer: How do YOU handle file backups? Have I missed anything? Let me know in the comments. Here’s the offer, but a little background first… writing about backups is almost as boring as actually doing backups. I just do what I do, and it happens, and all the tedious stuff I don’t want to write about… I don’t even think about. If I’m just a little too thin on any explanation above, feel free to contact me where you’re having trouble. I’ll help you figure it out, and I’ll fill in the thin parts of the explanation while I’m at it. That’s free help for you, and we both benefit.

This article was written as part of the WordPress 101 challenge: Andy Black (Productive Unix) used his coupon to suggest discussing WordPress backups. Go get your coupon now, there’s only two left!


Maintain Your WordPress Website Using 9 Point Daily Checklist

(Reading time: 3 – 5 minutes)

WordPress is an outstanding system for creating and maintaining your website. And every website needs regular maintenance. The key to maintaining a WordPress website is having a system to make it easy and brainless.

  1. File backup. All those images and files you upload? The plugins you modified? Those CSS tweaks… all of these need to be backed up on a regular basis. There’s several ways to do it, with lots of good information on the WordPress web site.
  2. Database backup. I have database backups emailed to me periodically, I just check my email to make sure the backup is there. You can set a filter that tags each backup email for storage when it arrives in your inbox. When you file the backup email, you can check the date in your backup archive. You should see a backup for each time period you set. I set mine for daily, so I make sure I have a database backup for each day. It’s super easy, just watch for the dates in order.
  3. Plugin updating. Plugin updating is easy, but it’s a double-edged sword. On the one hand, the update may implement important security fixes. On the other hand, it might conflict with another plugin. It’s smart to check out the plugin home page and ChangeLog before updating, to see what’s new and different, and see if anyone else has had any problems.
  4. Check for spam comments. Easy: just click on the Spam button on the Dashboard, delete all. I don’t waste any time checking mistakes, they are few and far between, and consist mainly of “Great post!” comments which don’t add value. If the spam problem wasn’t so out of control, I have no problem with such comments though. It’s always nice to be complimented.
  5. Check stats. While traffic to your web site fluctuates daily, over the course of weeks and months, your traffic should be relatively smooth. For daily stats, watch for developing trends. If you have a down day, that’s not a big deal. If you have 4 or 5 days in a row that are trending down, that’s a much bigger deal, and time to take some traffic-building action.
  6. Record your search terms. If you’re serious about building traffic, keep track of the search terms people are using to find your website. Once you know what people are looking for, you can revise or extend current articles and write new articles on those topics.
  7. Check your logs, especially your 404s. If you haven’t ever looked at your 404 log, you’re likely to be horrified. The HTTP 404 error indicates “Page Not Found.” That means someone landed on your web page, looking for something WordPress couldn’t find. Some of these are normal. For example, Internet Explorer is going to ask for a list of capabilities, which will return 404 from Apache-based webservers. Learn to recognize these harmless common errors, and focus on the spammers and scammers probing your website for security holes. You’ll see them. For more information, check back for a future article on this topic.
  8. Check your contact form. Sometimes, plugins can interact in strange ways with each other. You should check critical functionality any time you change the configuration of your WordPress installation, say, by installing a plugin. If not, check it on a regular schedule.
  9. Check your downloads link. If you use a plugin such as Drain Hole for managing downloads, make a quick run through your download links. Once in a while a plugin will stop working, and when that happens, your downloads stop working too. On today’s internet, people will just leave your site and never come back.
Hey! You're in the middle of the Website In A Weekend eCourse. Learn how to create and operate a complete WordPress-based website in a single weekend. Start here: Website In A Weekend: Friday Evening - Off to the Races. (If you already have a blog... "audit" the eCourse... you'll find plenty to do.)

Weekly is almost as good

If you have a low traffic blog where you post only a few times per month, use this checklist weekly instead of daily. You may get an extra build up of spam, but that’s not a big deal with Akismet plugin installed. Just delete them all.

As you build experience with these tasks, record everything you do very carefully. Simplify ruthlessly. Over time, learn what works best and easiest. Once you have your system down cold, go one step further and generate a report… now you’re ready to outsource.